Formaldehyde is a colorless, strong smelling gas. It is one of a large family of chemical compounds called volatile organic compounds or “VOCs.” The term volatile means the compounds become a gas at normal room temperature. Formaldehyde is used as a part of:

• The glue or adhesive in pressed wood products (particle board, hard wood, plywood, and medium density fiber board);
• Preservatives in some paints, coatings and cosmetics;
• The coating that provides permanent press quality to fabrics and draperies;
• The finish used to coat certain paper products; and
• Certain insulation materials (urea formaldehyde foam and fiberglass insulation).

Formaldehyde vapors are naturally released into the air by products which contain formaldehyde and also through combustion or burning of those materials.

Symptoms of formaldehyde exposure are: watery eyes, burning eyes, nose and throat; nausea, coughing, tightness in the chest, wheezing, skin rashes, and allergic reactions.

The amount of formaldehyde in the indoor air is affected by the source (what is releasing the formaldehyde), temperature and humidity. As the temperature or humidity increases so does the release of formaldehyde. As some formaldehyde releasing products age they release less formaldehyde.

To lessen your exposure, purchase products that don’t use urea formaldehyde glues or resins or purchase products that conform to ANSI standards for lower formaldehyde emissions. Purchase furniture or cabinets with laminated or coated surfaces or seal products that are not. Avoid using foamed-in-place insulation. Wash permanent press fabrics before use. Increase ventilation.

Links to more information:

“An Update on Formaldehyde – 1997 Revision”

EPA – Formaldehyde

Safety and Health Topics: Formaldehyde